azure linux grub2 vulnerabilities

Latest azure linux grub2 CVEs

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1. CVE-2025-61664 Grub2: missing unregister call for normal_exit command may lead to use-after-free

   Published 2025-11-18

   Medium·CVSS 4.9 EPSS 0.15%

   A vulnerability in the GRUB2 bootloader has been identified in the normal module. This flaw, a memory Use After Free issue, occurs because the normal_exit command is not properly unregistered when its related module is unloaded. An attacker can exploit this condition by invoking...

2. CVE-2025-61663 Grub2: missing unregister call for normal commands may lead to use-after-free

   Published 2025-11-18

   Medium·CVSS 4.9 EPSS 0.14%

   A vulnerability has been identified in the GRUB2 bootloader's normal command that poses an immediate Denial of Service (DoS) risk. This flaw is a Use-after-Free issue, caused because the normal command is not properly unregistered when the module is unloaded. An attacker who can...

3. CVE-2025-61662 Grub2: missing unregister call for gettext command may lead to use-after-free

   Published 2025-11-18

   High·CVSS 7.8 EPSS 0.22%

   A Use-After-Free vulnerability has been discovered in GRUB's gettext module. This flaw stems from a programming error where the gettext command remains registered in memory after its module is unloaded. An attacker can exploit this condition by invoking the orphaned command, caus...

4. CVE-2025-61661 Grub2: grub2: out-of-bounds write via malicious usb device

   Published 2025-11-18

   Medium·CVSS 4.8 EPSS 0.21%

   A vulnerability has been identified in the GRUB (Grand Unified Bootloader) component. This flaw occurs because the bootloader mishandles string conversion when reading information from a USB device, allowing an attacker to exploit inconsistent length values. A local attacker can...

5. CVE-2025-4382 Grub2: grub allow access to encrypted device through cli once root device is unlocked via tpm

   Published 2025-05-09

   Medium·CVSS 5.9 EPSS 0.35%

   A flaw was found in systems utilizing LUKS-encrypted disks with GRUB configured for TPM-based auto-decryption. When GRUB is set to automatically decrypt disks using keys stored in the TPM, it reads the decryption key into system memory. If an attacker with physical access can cor...

6. CVE-2025-0686 Grub2: romfs: integer overflow when handling symlinks may lead to heap based out-of-bounds write when reading dat

   Published 2025-03-03

   Medium·CVSS 6.4 EPSS 0.29%

   A flaw was found in grub2. When performing a symlink lookup from a romfs filesystem, grub's romfs filesystem module uses user-controlled parameters from the filesystem geometry to determine the internal buffer size, however, it improperly checks for integer overflows. A malicious...

7. CVE-2025-0685 Grub2: jfs: integer overflow when handling symlinks may lead to heap based out-of-bounds write when reading data

   Published 2025-03-03

   Medium·CVSS 6.4 EPSS 0.29%

   A flaw was found in grub2. When reading data from a jfs filesystem, grub's jfs filesystem module uses user-controlled parameters from the filesystem geometry to determine the internal buffer size, however, it improperly checks for integer overflows. A maliciouly crafted filesyste...

8. CVE-2025-0684 Grub2: reiserfs: integer overflow when handling symlinks may lead to heap based out-of-bounds write when reading data

   Published 2025-03-03

   Medium·CVSS 6.4 EPSS 0.29%

   A flaw was found in grub2. When performing a symlink lookup from a reiserfs filesystem, grub's reiserfs fs module uses user-controlled parameters from the filesystem geometry to determine the internal buffer size, however, it improperly checks for integer overflows. A maliciouly...

9. CVE-2025-0678 Grub2: squash4: integer overflow may lead to heap based out-of-bounds write when reading data

   Published 2025-03-03

   High·CVSS 7.8 EPSS 0.30%

   A flaw was found in grub2. When reading data from a squash4 filesystem, grub's squash4 fs module uses user-controlled parameters from the filesystem geometry to determine the internal buffer size, however, it improperly checks for integer overflows. A maliciously crafted filesyst...

10. CVE-2024-45782 Grub2: fs/hfs: strcpy() using the volume name (fs/hfs.c:382)

    Published 2025-03-03

    High·CVSS 7.8 EPSS 0.23%

    A flaw was found in the HFS filesystem. When reading an HFS volume's name at grub_fs_mount(), the HFS filesystem driver performs a strcpy() using the user-provided volume name as input without properly validating the volume name's length. This issue may read to a heap-based out-o...

11. CVE-2024-45778 Grub2: fs/bfs: integer overflow in the bfs parser.

    Published 2025-03-03

    Medium·CVSS 5.5 EPSS 0.29%

    A stack overflow flaw was found when reading a BFS file system. A crafted BFS filesystem may lead to an uncontrolled loop, causing grub2 to crash.

12. CVE-2024-45779 Grub2: fs/bfs: integer overflow leads to heap oob read in the bfs parser

    Published 2025-03-03

    Medium·CVSS 6.0 EPSS 0.29%

    An integer overflow flaw was found in the BFS file system driver in grub2. When reading a file with an indirect extent map, grub2 fails to validate the number of extent entries to be read. A crafted or corrupted BFS filesystem may cause an integer overflow during the file reading...

13. CVE-2024-45780 Grub2: fs/tar: integer overflow causes heap oob write

    Published 2025-03-03

    Medium·CVSS 6.7 EPSS 0.29%

    A flaw was found in grub2. When reading tar files, grub2 allocates an internal buffer for the file name. However, it fails to properly verify the allocation against possible integer overflows. It's possible to cause the allocation length to overflow with a crafted tar file, leadi...

14. CVE-2025-0689 Grub2: udf: heap based buffer overflow in grub_udf_read_block() may lead to arbitrary code execution

    Published 2025-03-03

    High·CVSS 7.8 EPSS 0.50%

    When reading data from disk, the grub's UDF filesystem module utilizes the user controlled data length metadata to allocate its internal buffers. In certain scenarios, while iterating through disk sectors, it assumes the read size from the disk is always smaller than the allocate...

15. CVE-2025-1125 Grub2: fs/hfs: integer overflow may lead to heap based out-of-bounds write

    Published 2025-03-03

    High·CVSS 7.8 EPSS 0.45%

    When reading data from a hfs filesystem, grub's hfs filesystem module uses user-controlled parameters from the filesystem metadata to calculate the internal buffers size, however it misses to properly check for integer overflows. A maliciouly crafted filesystem may lead some of t...

16. CVE-2025-0690 Grub2: read: integer overflow may lead to out-of-bounds write

    Published 2025-02-24

    Medium·CVSS 6.1 EPSS 0.79%

    The read command is used to read the keyboard input from the user, while reads it keeps the input length in a 32-bit integer value which is further used to reallocate the line buffer to accept the next character. During this process, with a line big enough it's possible to make t...

17. CVE-2025-0677 Grub2: ufs: integer overflow may lead to heap based out-of-bounds write when handling symlinks

    Published 2025-02-19

    Medium·CVSS 6.4 EPSS 0.33%

    A flaw was found in grub2. When performing a symlink lookup, the grub's UFS module checks the inode's data size to allocate the internal buffer to read the file content, however, it fails to check if the symlink data size has overflown. When this occurs, grub_malloc() may be call...

18. CVE-2025-0624 Grub2: net: out-of-bounds write in grub_net_search_config_file()

    Published 2025-02-19

    High·CVSS 7.6 EPSS 1.4%

    A flaw was found in grub2. During the network boot process, when trying to search for the configuration file, grub copies data from a user controlled environment variable into an internal buffer using the grub_strcpy() function. During this step, it fails to consider the environm...

19. CVE-2025-1118 Grub2: commands/dump: the dump command is not in lockdown when secure boot is enabled

    Published 2025-02-19

    Medium·CVSS 4.4 EPSS 0.32%

    A flaw was found in grub2. Grub's dump command is not blocked when grub is in lockdown mode, which allows the user to read any memory information, and an attacker may leverage this in order to extract signatures, salts, and other sensitive information from the memory.

20. CVE-2024-45777 Grub2: grub-core/gettext: integer overflow leads to heap oob write.

    Published 2025-02-19

    Medium·CVSS 6.7 EPSS 0.29%

    A flaw was found in grub2. The calculation of the translation buffer when reading a language .mo file in grub_gettext_getstr_from_position() may overflow, leading to a Out-of-bound write. This issue can be leveraged by an attacker to overwrite grub2's sensitive heap data, eventua...

21. CVE-2024-45783 Grub2: fs/hfs+: refcount can be decremented twice

    Published 2025-02-18

    Medium·CVSS 4.4 EPSS 0.28%

    A flaw was found in grub2. When failing to mount an HFS+ grub, the hfsplus filesystem driver doesn't properly set an ERRNO value. This issue may lead to a NULL pointer access.

22. CVE-2024-45781 Grub2: fs/ufs: oob write in the heap

    Published 2025-02-18

    Medium·CVSS 6.7 EPSS 0.31%

    A flaw was found in grub2. When reading a symbolic link's name from a UFS filesystem, grub2 fails to validate the string length taken as an input. The lack of validation may lead to a heap out-of-bounds write, causing data integrity issues and eventually allowing an attacker to c...

23. CVE-2024-45776 Grub2: grub-core/gettext: integer overflow leads to heap oob write and read.

    Published 2025-02-18

    Medium·CVSS 6.7 EPSS 0.31%

    When reading the language .mo file in grub_mofile_open(), grub2 fails to verify an integer overflow when allocating its internal buffer. A crafted .mo file may lead the buffer size calculation to overflow, leading to out-of-bound reads and writes. This flaw allows an attacker to...

24. CVE-2024-45775 Grub2: commands/extcmd: missing check for failed allocation

    Published 2025-02-18

    Medium·CVSS 5.2 EPSS 0.29%

    A flaw was found in grub2 where the grub_extcmd_dispatcher() function calls grub_arg_list_alloc() to allocate memory for the grub's argument list. However, it fails to check in case the memory allocation fails. Once the allocation fails, a NULL point will be processed by the pars...

25. CVE-2024-45774 Grub2: reader/jpeg: heap oob write during jpeg parsing

    Published 2025-02-18

    Medium·CVSS 6.7 EPSS 0.31%

    A flaw was found in grub2. A specially crafted JPEG file can cause the JPEG parser of grub2 to incorrectly check the bounds of its internal buffers, resulting in an out-of-bounds write. The possibility of overwriting sensitive information to bypass secure boot protections is not...

Sources: CVE.org, NVD, CISA KEV, FIRST EPSS, OSV and public exploit-reference metadata. Product matching comes from the published CVE records. A proof-of-concept means public code exists; it is not evidence of exploitation.